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Journal/NDM40 2005 eng
New Data on Minerals. Moscow.: Ocean Pictures, 2005. volume 40, 168 pages, 15 color and 99 b/w drawings, schemes, photos.
Содержание
Summary
The volume 40 includes articles on new mineral species, among which chukhrovite(Nd), tsepiniteSr, senkevichite,
and kyrgyzstanite are described. The new data on rare minerals calcurmolite and turanite, easily oxidizable chalcopyrite
from black smokers of the Rainbow hydrothermal field (MidAtlantic Ridge), vanadium hematite associated with minerals of
precious metals, copper, zinc, and iron is given; also there is data on fahlores from the Kvartsitovye Gorki deposit and the nickelinebreithauptite mineral series from the Norilsk ore field. Features of bismuth mineralization of the Djimidon deposit (North Osetia) and raremetal mineralization connected with bituminous matters from pegmatites of the Khibiny and
Lovozero massifs are revealed. The results of study of metacolloidal gold and delhayelite crystals are published.
In the «Mineralogical Museums and collections» part, the minerals named in honour of collaborators of the Fersman
Mineralogical Museum, specimens of platinum of the Ugolnyi stream (Norilsk) from the Museum collection are
described; interesting historical data on the items of Decorative and Precious Stones collection (PDK) is given.
«Mineralogical Notes» part includes the mineralogical summary of main mineral types of ores of Europe and the article
devoted to mineral drawings of Victor Slyotov and Vladimir Makarenko. In new «Discussions» part, the polemics on the
theme «What are the mineral and mineral species» is opened. The review of new books is published.
The volume is of interest for mineralogists, geochemists, geologists, and also collaborators of naturalhistorical museums, collectors and amateur of minerals.
Editorial Board
- Editor in Chief Margarita I .Novgorodova, Doctor in Science, Professor
- Editor in Chief of the volume: Elena A.Borisova, Ph.D
- Moisei D. Dorfman, Doctor in Science
- Svetlana N. Nenasheva, Ph.D
- Marianna B. Chistyakova, Ph.D
- Elena N. Matvienko, Ph.D
- Мichael Е. Generalov, Ph.D
- N.A.Sokolova Secretary
- Translator: Yiulia Belovistkaya
Publishing group
- Photo: Michael B. Leybov, Michael E. Generalov
- Leader of publishing group Michael B. Leibov
- Executive Editor Ludmila А. Cheshko
- Art Director Nikolay О. Parlashkevich
- Editor Ekaterina V. Yakunina
- Design (idea) Dmitrii Ershov
- Layout Elena Yurlova
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN PUBLICATION DATA
Authorized for printing by the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Science
© Text, photo, drawings, Fersman Mineralogical Museum Russian Academy of Science, 2005
© Design, Ocean Pictures, 2005
Authorized for printing by the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of Russian Academy of Science
Text, photos, drawings, Fersman Mineralogical Museum of Russian Academy of Science, 2007
Design AlLTUM Ltd, 2007
Published by Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS
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Сontent
New Minerals and Their Varieties, New Finds of Rare Minerals, Mineral Paragenesis
Pautov L.A., Bekenova G.K., Karpenko V.Yu., Agakhanov A.A.
Chukhrovite(Nd), Ca3(Nd,Y)Al2(SO4)F13·12H2O, a New Mineral, p. 5 - 10
In specimens from the oxidized zone of the KaraOba deposit (Central Kazakhstan), a new neodymiumdominant analogue of chukhrovite(Y) and chukhrovite(Ce) has been found; it has been named chukhrovite(Nd). The new mineral occurs in the form of isometric grains and small crystals represented by a combination of {100} and {111} faces, with sizes ranging from 0.05 to 0.4 mm; it forms zones within the larger crystals of chukhrovite(Y) also. Chukhrovite(Nd) is associated with quartz, fluorite, halloysite, chukhrovite(Y), anglesite, gearksutite, creedite, and the jarosite group minerals. The mineral is colourless, rarely white. Streak is white. Hardness is 3.54 on Mohs' scale. Density (meas.) is 2.42(3) g/cm3, density (calc.) is 2.42 g/cm3. The mineral is transparent, and in thin sections it has anomalous grey interference colours, n=1.443(2) (589 nm). Chemical composition (electron microprobe instrument, wt %) is following: CaO – 20.03; Y2O3 – 1.94, La2O3 – 2.32; Ce2O3 – 1.37; Pr2O3 – 1.37; Nd2O3 – 6.26; Sm2O3 – 1.90; Gd2O3 – 1.12; Dy2O3– 0.44; Ho2O3– 0.10; Al2O3– 12.09; SO3– 9.38; F – 28.93; H2O (by difference) – 24.93, less O=F 12.18, total 100.00 wt%.Empirical formula is Ca3.06(Nd0.32Y0.15La0.12Sm0.09Ce0.07Pr0.07Gd0.05Dy0.02Ho0.01)0.90 Al2.03S1.01O3.96F13.06·11.87H2O. Ideal formula is Ca3(Nd,Y)Al2(SO4)F13·12H2O. Cubic, space group Fd3, a=16.759(3) Å, V=4707.0(1) Å3, Z=8. Strong lines of Xray pouder pattern are following (dI(hkl)): 9.710(111); 5.927(220); 3.22-8(511); 2.555-7(533); 2.240-5(642); 2.180-6(731); 1.827-5(842). The IR spectrum is as follows: 3548, 3423, 1630, 1090, 586, 465 cm-1. The type specimen of the new mineral is at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, RAS (Moscow). читать далее...
Pekov I.V., Chukanov N.V., Zadov A.E., Rozenberg K.A., Rastsvetaeva R.K.
TsepiniteSr, (Sr,Ba,K)(Ti,Nb)2(Si4O12)(OH,O)2·3H2O, a New Mineral of the Labuntsovite Group, p. 11 - 16
TsepiniteSr is a new mineral of the labuntsovite group (the vuoriyarvite subgroup); it is an analogue of tsepinite-Na, tsepiniteK, and tsepinite-Ca, with predominance of Sr among the extraframework cations. Tsepinite-Sr has been found in hydrothermal paragenesis in cavities of nepheline-syenite pegmatite at the Mt. Eveslogchorr in the Khibiny massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It is associated with microcline, albite, natrolite, analcime, aegirine, eudialyte, leifite, vuoriyarviteK, tsepiniteCa, kuzmenkoite-Zn, paratsepinite-Ba, takanelite, etc. The mineral forms coarseprismatic crystals up to 0.2 x 0.4 x 2 mm in size and crusts up to 4 x 5 mm. It is translucent, colourless or white; the streak is white, and the lustre is vitreous. The mineral is brittle, without cleavage; the fracture is uneven. The Mohs' hardness is ~5. The measured density is 2.67(2), and the calculated density is 2.63 g/cm3 . The mineral is optically biaxial, positive; Np=1.649(2), Nm=1.651(2), Ng=1.770(4); 2Vmeas=20(5)°, 2Vcalc=16°. Chemical composition is as follows (the electron microprobe data, H2O by TGA, wt %): Na2O 0.61, K2O 1.30, CaO 0.92, SrO 5.12, BaO 4.27, MgO 0.01, MnO 0.05, FeO 0.08, ZnO 0.26, Al2O3 0.18, SiO2 41.89, TiO2 18.49, Nb2O5 16.07, H2O 11.14, total 100.39. The empirical formula calculated on (Si,Al)4O12(O,OH)2 is as follows: (Sr0.28Ba0.16K0.16Na0.11Ca0.09Zn0.02) 0.82 (Ti1.32Nb0.69Fe0.01)2.02(Si3.98Al0.02)4O12[(OH)1.89O0.11]2·2.59H2O. The ideal formula is (Sr,Ba,K)(Ti,Nb)2 (Si4O12)(OH,O)2·3H2O (Z=4). The mineral is monoclinic; space group Cm. The unit cell parameters (from the single crystal data) are as follows: a=14.490(3), b=14.23(1), c=7.881(3) Å, β=117.28(2)° , V=1444(1) Å 3. The strongest lines on the X-ray powder pattern are as follows (d,Å -I (hkl)): 7.10-90 (020, 001); 6.45-50 (200, 20-1); 5.01-40 (021); 3.230-100 (42-1, 400, 40-2); 3.135-80 (022, 041, 24-1); 2.510-80 (44-1, 401, 40-3, 042), 1.728-50 (461, 46-3, 081, 442, 44-4), 1.570-45 (84-1, 820, 84-3, 190, 82-4). The IR spectrum is given. The type specimen is deposited in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS, Moscow. читать далее...
Agakhanov A.А., Pautov L.A., Uvarova Y.A., Sokolova E.V., Hawthorne Frank, Karpenko V.Yu.
Senkevichite, CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18(OH)], a New Mineral, p. 17 - 22
Senkevichite is a new cesium mineral, which has been found in the alkaline massif of Darai-Piyoz (Tajikistan). The mineral forms intergrowths of elongated boardlike grains up to 1 mm in light in quartzpectolite aggregates from blocks consisting mainly of granulated massive quartz. When transparent, the mineral is colourless, otherwise, white. The fracture is brittle. The Mohs hardness is 5.56. Measured density is 3.12 g/cm3 . The mineral is biaxial, optically positive; αp=1.616(2), βm=1.645(2), γg=1.683(2). Triclinic, space group P1; a=10.4191(4) Å, b=12.2408(5) Å, c=7.0569(3) Å, V=887.8(1) Å 3, Z=2. Chemical composition is as follows (electron microprobe analysis; H2O is calculated, wt %): SiO2 – 50.48, TiO2 – 8.94, Nb2O5 – 0.64, FeO – 0.50, MnO – 2.59, CaO – 11.09, Na2O – 3.73, K2O – 6.13, Cs2O – 15.28, H2O (calc) – 1.09, total – 100.47. Empirical formula of the mineral is Cs0.90K1.08Na1.00(Ca1.65Mn0.30Fe0.06)2.01(Ti0.93Nb0.04)0.97O0.97[Si7O18(OH)]. Ideal formula is CsKNaCa2TiO[Si7O18(OH)]. Strong lines on Xray powder diagram are following (d, I): 4.08 (13), 3.33 (11), 3.25(25), 3.14 (21), 3.06 (100), 2.959 (20), 2.038 (17). Crystal structure is solved with R=4.5%. The type specimen of the new mineral is kept in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS (Moscow, Russia). читать далее...
Agakhanov A.A., Karpenko V.Yu., Pautov L.A., Bekenova G.K., Uvarova Y.A., Sokolova E.V., Hawthorne Frank
Kyrgyzstanite, ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12·3H2O, a New Mineral from the KaraTangi Deposit, Kirgizia, p. 23 - 28
Kyrgyzstanite is a new hydrous sulphate of aluminium and zinc with the formula ZnAl4(SO4)(OH)12·3H2O (monoclinic, sp. group P21/n, a=10.246(9) Å, b=8.873(4) Å, c=17.22(1) Å, β=96.41(7)°, V=1556(3) Å3, Z=4), which has been found in vanadium-bearing slates of the KaraTangi deposit (Batken region, Kirgizia) in assemblage with quartz, calcite, alumohydrocalcite, nickelalumite, and allophane. The mineral forms crusts of radiating fibrous aggregates of split crystals. The dominant forms as follows: {001}, {110}, {010}, and {310}. Colour is light blue to greenish. The mineral is transparent; lustre is vitreous. The Mohs' hardness is 2–2.5; VHN=70 kg/mm2 . Cleavage is perfect on (001). Density is 2.25(1) (meas), 2.242 g/cm3 (calc). Kyrgyzstanite is optically negative, biaxial; np=1.517(1), nm=1.525(1), ng=1.527(1), 2Vcalc=53°. Dispersion is strong, r<v . Orientation is c˄Np=6°. Strong lines on X-ray powder diagram are as follows (d, I): 8.60(100), 7.93(70), 4.83(80), 4.27(100), 2.516(70), 2.292(80), 1.998(95), 1.896(65), 1.720(65). Chemical composition (electron microprobe analysis, wt %, average on 6 measurements) is as follows: ZnO 10.02 , NiO 4.13, CuO 0.58, FeO 0.32, V2O5 0.08, Al2O3 38.45, SiO2 0.33, SO3 15.00, H2O 31.10 (wet chemistry), total 99.01. The empirical formula is (Zn0.65Ni0.29 Cu0.04Fe0.02)0.99 Al4.00Si0.03(SO4)0.99 (OH)12.12·2.81H2O. Kyrgyzstanite is a structural analogue of nickelalumite. Crystal structure of the latter was solved on a single crystal of zincrich variety from the same geological formation; it represents brucitelike octahedral layers along (001) (octahedra Al and М). In the interlayer space the single (SO4) tetrahedra and H2O molecules are localized. The IR spectrum is given. Mineral genesis is hydrothermal. Kyrgyzstanite was named in honour of Kirgizia (the Republic of Kyrgyzstan), where it was first discovered. Type material has been deposited in the collection of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow. читать далее...
Sidorenko G.A., Chistyakova N.I., Chukanov N.V., Naumova I.S., Rassulov V.A.
Calcurmolite: New Data on Chemical Composition and Constitution of the Mineral, p. 29 - 36
The revised crystallochemical formula of calcurmolite, (Ca,Na)2(UO2)3Mo2(O,OH)11 nH2O, is given on the basis of electron microprobe analyses of the samples from Kazakhstan (KyzylSai) and Armenia (Kadjaran). Parameters of the monoclinic unit cell: a=16.30 0.03 Å, b=25.49 0.05 Å, c=19.50 0.06 Å, β=90°07’, are estimated by X-ray diffraction method. The IR spectra and spectra of laser luminescence of two mentioned findings of the mineral have been obtained for the first time; they show the identity, stability, and diagnostic value of both methods. Micro-textural and structural peculiarities of calcurmolite prevent from the research of a crystal structure of the mineral. Calcurmolite was formed as a pseudomorph after uranophane. читать далее...
Karpenko V.Yu., Agakhanov A.A., Pautov L.A., Sokolova E.V., Hawthorne Frank, Bekenova G.K.
Turanite from Tyuya-Muyun, Kirgizia: New Data on Mineral, p. 37 - 43
The new data has been obtained for turanite described in the beginning of the last century at the Tyuya-Muyun deposit; there are the results of study of the holotype specimen from the Fersman Mineralogical Museum RAS (Moscow) and new field collections. Turanite forms spherulite aggregates in assemblage with tangeite, malachite, barite, quartz, calcite; also turanite forms the cavernous aggregations with tangeite. Turanite is olivegreen, transparent, often it is represented by polysynthetic twins; the mineral is brittle. The Mohs hardness is 4.5-5, VHN=436 (354-570 kg/mm2). The cleavage is perfect on (011). Density (calc)=4.452 g/cm3 . The unit cell parameters calculated by the X-ray powder pattern are as follows: a=5.377(6) Å, b=6.276(7) Å, c=6.833(7) Å, α=86.28(2), β=91.71(3), γ=92.35(2)°, V=229.8(1) Å3. Chemical composition is as follows (the holotype specimene/new collections; wt %): CuO 62.94/64.81, V2O5 28.90/29.86, H2O 5.85 (calculation by the crystal structural data)/5.81 (calculation by the charge balance), total 97.69/100.52. The empirical formula is Сu4.97(VO4)2.00(OH)4.08. The IR spectra of turanite and tangeite are given. The mineral genesis is hydrothermal. The turanite study results along with the earlier determined crystal structure confirm its status as the original mineral species. At the same time, a revision of information about findings of turanite in Nevada, USA, is necessary. читать далее...
Fardoost F., Mozgova N.N., Borodaev Y.S., Organova N.I., Levitskaya L.A.
Easily Oxidizable Chalcopyrite from Black Smokers of the Rainbow Hydrothermal Field (MidAtlantic Ridge, 36°14'N), p. 44 - 50
Anomalous chalcopyrite from newly discovered sulphide tubes of deep sea hydrothermal vents known as black smokers in the Rainbow field has been studied by a series of methods (X-ray spectral microprobe analysis, mineragraphy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray microdiffraction method). In contrast to common chalcopyrite, the mineral quickly tarnishes in polished sections (highcopper sulphides of chalcocite-digenite series were detected in the oxidized film). The newly polished surface is isotropic in reflected light; the reflectance spectra belongs to chalcopyrite type, but R coefficients are much lower than standard ones (by 10-15%). The interval of values of microindentation VHN significantly exceeds those in common chalcopyrite (114-235 to 181-203 kgs/mm2 ). These characteristics indicate that the mineral is similar to two easily oxidizable cubic sulphides of the chalcopyrite group, talnakhite and putoranite. In the chemical composition, more copper than iron was noted in the limits expressed by the empirical formula Cu1-x(Fe,Co,Ni)1+xS2, where x changes from 0 to 0.09 at a constant ratio Me/S=1. The mineral is identified as standard chalcopyrite by Xray powder diffraction. There are two different reflection parts. The first ones are sharp and correspond to cubic cell with a=5.25 ‘Å. The second ones are wide that means disorder in chalcopyrite structure. Thus, X-ray diffraction data also confirms the similarity of easily oxidizable chalcopyrite totalnakhite and putoranite. читать далее...
Gritsenko Y.D., Spiridonov E.M.
Minerals of the Nickeline-Breithauptite Series from Metamorphogenic-hydrothermal Veins of the Norilsk Ore Field, p. 51 - 64
The antimonide-arsenide mineralization of the Norilsk ore field, which was considered by previous researchers as a derivative of the Р2-Т1 trap formation, is connected with the posttrap regional metamorphism in conditions of zeolite facies with age 164-122 MA. The antimonidearsenide mineralization is younger than a trap formation for more than 80 MA. Arsenides and antimonides of Ni (Co, Fe) occur among the metamorphosed Ni-Cu sulphide ores and in the nearest periphery of their deposit, mainly in the calcite and anhydritecalcite veins. Parameters of vein formation are as follows: Р=0.9-0.1 kbar, Т=216-127°С, solutions Na-Cl-Mg-Cl2 of low salinity (0.2-1.4% equiv. NaCl). History of formation of metamorphogenichydrothermal aggregations is complicated. Three cycles of the antimonide-arsenide mineralization are revealed. The first cycle includes ten mineral complexes with significantly arsenide composition; presence of nickeline with high content of Co, diarsenides, and triarsenides of NiCo is characteristic. The second cycle includes two mineral complexes with significantly antimonide composition; presence of silver minerals is characteristic. The third cycle is represented by the sulphoarsenide-sulphoantimonide mineral complex. The minerals of the nickeline-breithauptite continuous series form a considerable part of the antimonide-arsenide mineralization. The endmembers of the series, nickeline and breithauptite, are the most widespread; antimony nickeline is quite wide distributed. The Norilsk nickeline contains up to 12 wt % of Co, up to 3 wt % of Fe and S. Breithauptite is poor by Co, Fe, S, Se. In concentrates of nickeline, Pd, Pt, and Au were not detected. The zones of geometrical selection are present in the aggregates of arsenides and antimonides; that is an evident of crystallization of arsenides and antimonides from the normal solutions in open space. читать далее...
Chernikov A.A., Dubinchuk V.T., Chistyakova N.I., Naumova I.S., Zaitsev V.S.
New Data on Vanadium Hematite Associated with Micro and Nanocrystals of Noble Metals, Copper, Zinc, and Iron Minerals, p. 65 - 71
Groznova E.O., Dobrovol'skaya M.G., Kovalenker V.A., Tsepin A.I., Razin M.V.
Bismuth Mineralization of Pb-Zn Ores at the Djimidon Deposit (North Osetia), p. 72 - 79
Chukanov N.V., Ermolaeva V.N., Pekov I.V., Sokolov S.V., Nekrasov A.N., Sokolova M.N.
Raremetal Mineralization Connected with Bituminous Matters in Late Assemblages of Pegmatites of the Khibiny and Lovozero Massifs, p. 80 - 95
Filimonov S.V., Spiridonov E.M.
Fahlores from the Kvartsitovye Gorki Hypabyssal Goldantimonite Deposit (North of Central Kazakhstan), p. 96 - 104
Crystal Chemestry, Minerals as Prototypes of New Materials, Physical and Chemical Properties of Minerals
Novgorodova M.I.
Metacolloidal Gold, p. 106 - 114
Sokolova M.N., Smol'yaninova N.N., Golovanova T.I., Chukanov N.V., Dmitrieva M.T.
Delhayelite Crystals from Ristschorrites of the Rasvumchorr Plateau (Khibiny Massif), p. 115 - 118
Mineralogical Museums and Collections
Generalov M.E., Pautov L.A.
Platinum of the Ugolnyi Stream (Norilsk) from the Fersman Mineralogical Museum Collection, p. 120 - 123
Nenasheva S.N.
Minerals Named in Honour of the Collaborators of the A.E. Fersman Mineralogical Museum, p. 125 - 141
Chistyakova M.B.
What are Exhibits Silent About, p. 142 - 149
Mineralogical Notes
Semenov E.I.
Mineral Types of Ore of Europe, p. 151 - 153
Dymkov Y. M.
Wonderful Drawings of Minerals by Victor Slyotov and Vladimir Makarenko, p. 154 - 157
Discussion
Borutzky B.Ye.
Essays on Fundamental and Genetic Mineralogy:
1. What is the Mineral and Mineral Species?, p. 159 - 166
Books view
, p. 167 - 168
